急性荨麻疹患者血清补体和免疫球蛋白水平分析

An analysis of serum levels of complement and immunoglobulin in patients with acute urticaria

目的分析急性荨麻疹患者血清补体C3、C4和免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、IgM水平的变化及临床意义。方法回顾性分析43例急性荨麻疹住院患者(观察组)的血清补体、免疫球蛋白等检测指标,并与其血常规、超敏C反应蛋白进行相关性分析。选取同期健康人群43例作为对照组。结果观察组的C3、IgA和IgG水平均较对照组降低[(1.02±0.16) g/L vs.(1.15±0.17) g/L、(1.98±0.71) g/L vs.(2.41±0.95) g/L和(10.24±2.72) g/L vs.(12.29±1.29) g/L](P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,患者血清C3与血常规中Hb呈正相关(r=0.318,P<0.05);IgG与WBC呈负相关(r=-0.320,P<0.05),与中性粒细胞计数呈负相关(r=-0.301,P<0.05)。结论急性荨麻疹患者在发病初期存在血清C3、IgA、IgG水平降低,提示急性荨麻疹患者的免疫功能存在一定程度的紊乱,其与机体Hb下降和感染可能存在一定相关性。

Objective To analyze the changes and clinical significance of serum complement C3,C4,and immunoglobulin IgG,IgA and IgM levels in the patients with acute urticaria.Methods Serum levels of complement and immunoglobulin were detected in 43 hospitalized patients with acute urticaria(group A) and 43 healthy people(group C).The correlation of serum levels of complement and immunoglobulin with blood routine and high sensitivity C-reactive protein was analyzed.ResultsSerum levels of C3,IgA and IgG in group A were lower than those in group C [(1.02±0.16) g/L vs.(1.15±0.17) g/L,(1.98±0.71) g/L vs.(2.41±0.95) g/L and(10.24±2.72) g/L vs.(12.29±1.29) g/L](P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum C3 was positively correlated with Hb in blood routine(r=0.318,P<0.05),IgG was negatively correlated with WBC(r=-0.320, P<0.05) and neutrophil count(r=-0.301,P<0.05).Conclusion In the early stage of acute urticaria,serum levels of C3,IgA and IgG are decreased,suggesting that the immune function of the patients with acute urticaria is disturbed to some extent,which may be related to the decrease of Hb and infection.