韩国学生不同文体写作中的语言特征对比研究

Comparative study of linguistic features in different genres in Chinese writing by South Korean students

本文基于66名中级汉语水平韩国学生产出的记叙文和议论文写作文本,考察了两种文体在语言复杂性、正确性和流利性3个维度14个测量指标上是否存在差异。研究发现,在词汇多样性上,议论文显著高于写人记叙文,但与写景记叙文无显著差异。在词汇难度上,议论文显著高于两类记叙文。在句法复杂性上,议论文T单位长度显著高于两类记叙文;在话题链数量、话题链分句总数、零形成分数量上显著低于写人记叙文,但与写景记叙文无显著差异;在复杂名词短语总个数、复杂名词短语比率、名词前复杂修饰成分总长度上显著低于写景记叙文,但与写人记叙文无显著差异。在语言流利性上,议论文产出总字数和所用总时间显著高于记叙文,但平均输出字数无显著差异。在语言正确性的汉字、词汇、语法三个维度上,两种文体无显著差异。我们结合文体研究的成果以及对学生的访谈,对两种文体语言特征的异同进行了分析和解释,并提出了相应的教学建议。

Based on narrative writings and argumentative writings written by 66 intermediate Chinese level South Korean students,we explore if there are any significant differences on language complexity,accuracy and fluency between the two genres.The results show that,(1)in terms of the lexical diversity,argumentative writings are higher than narrative writings about people but show no significant difference from narrative writings about scenery;(2)on the lexical complexity,argumentative writings are higher than the two kinds of narrative writings;(3)on the syntactic complexity,argumentative writings are higher than both kinds of narrative writings on T-unit length,are lower than narrative writings about people on the number of topic chains,the total clause number,and null forms,but show no difference from narrative writings about scenery on the three measurements;argumentative writings are significantly lower than narrative writings about scenery on the total number of complex noun phrases,the ratio of complex noun phrases,and the total length of complex modifiers before nouns,but show no difference from narrative writings about people;(4)in the light of language fluency,argumentative writings produce significantly more characters and use more time than narrative writings,but the average characters per minutes are similar;(5)on language accuracy,there is no significant difference between the two genres on the dimensions of characters,vocabulary and grammar.We analyze and explain the linguistic features of two genres and provide suggestions on writing teaching for intermediate Chinese level students.