异质典型县域耕地流转绩效评价及差异分析

Performance Evaluation and Difference Analysis of Cultivated Land Transfer in Heterogeneous Typical Counties

为宏观把握耕地流转绩效及区域差异,从我国农业大省湖南省四大异质经济板块中选取5个有梯度的典型农业大县、强县,构建耕地流转绩效综合评价指标体系及评判标准,基于实地调研数据,采用熵权法与模糊综合评判法相结合的方法定量评价区域耕地流转绩效。结果表明:①从评价等级来看,浏阳市、湘潭县耕地流转的经济和社会绩效较好,汉寿县耕地流转的社会和环境绩效较好,3县(市)耕地流转表现出较好的综合绩效,耒阳市耕地流转的环境绩效较好,但经济和社会绩效不高,耕地流转综合绩效一般,龙山县耕地流转的经济、社会和环境绩效均较低,耕地流转综合绩效较差;②从综合得分来看,浏阳市、湘潭县、汉寿县、耒阳市和龙山县耕地流转绩效得分依次递减,综合绩效基本呈现出由长株潭城市群向洞庭湖生态经济区、湘南丘陵山区、大湘西地区逐步降低的空间分异特征;③经济发展水平、宏观区位条件、劳动力转移状况、耕地资源禀赋及农业优势特色产业规模化经营水平等是引起耕地流转绩效差异的主要原因。在提高耕地流转率的同时,针对差异及问题,分类施策,有利于全面提升耕地流转的综合绩效,推进农业农村高质量发展。

In order to grasp the performance and regional difference of cultivated land transfer,five typical large and strong agricultural counties in Hunan Province were selected as empirical objects,this paper designed a set of comprehensive evaluation index system and evaluation standard,using the entropy method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to make a quantitative evaluation on regional cultivated land transfer performance based on the field investigation data.The results were as followed:1)From the evaluation grades,the economic and social performance of the cultivated land transfer were better in Liuyang City and Xiangtan County,it had better social and environmental performance in Hanshou County,the cultivated land transfer of the above three counties(or cities)showed good comprehensive performance.The cultivated land transfer of Leiyang City had better environmental performance,but the economic and social performance were not high and the comprehensive performance was general.For Longshan County,all of the economic,social and environmental performance of cultivated land transfer were at low level,and the comprehensive performance was poor.2)About the comprehensive scores,the rank of the performance scores(from high to low)was Liuyang City,Xiangtan County,Hanshou County,Leiyang City and Longshan County,and the comprehensive performance basically showed the gradually reduced spatial differentiation characteristic from ChangshaZhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration to Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone,the southern and western of Hunan Province.3)The economic development level,macro-location condition,labor transfer status,cultivated land resource endowment and large-scale operation benefit of agricultural advantage characteristic industry were the main reasons that caused the performance difference of cultivated land transfer.Meanwhile,increasing the rate of cultivated land transfer,making and implementing the pointed countermeasures aiming at the differences and problems are beneficial to fully improve the comprehensive performance of cultivated land transfer.