夏季奥运会我国格斗对抗性项群奖牌分布特征及发展趋势

Distribution Characteristics and Development Trend of Combat Adversarial Item Group Medals in Summer Olympic Games in China

从近5届夏季奥运会我国格斗对抗性项群奖牌性别分布、技法特征及能量代谢特征入手,运用文献资料法、数理统计法等方法,探究夏季奥运会我国格斗对抗性项群奖牌分布特征与发展趋势。结果显示:性别分布上男子水平低于女子,奖牌数基本保持稳定;技法特征中缠斗技法里拿技要明显好于摔技,但缠斗技法的奖牌数呈现明显的下降趋势;能量代谢特征中:无氧供能高项目奖牌>无氧供能中等项目>无氧供能低项目,无氧供能高项目奖牌呈现显著下降趋势,无氧供能中等项目呈现显著上升趋势。我国近5届奥运会影响格斗对抗性项群夺牌的项目大小依次是:跆拳道>击剑>摔跤>柔道>拳击,柔道项目奖牌呈现大幅度的下降趋势,夺牌难度增加,拳击奖牌呈现显著上升趋势,成为我国新晋的优势项目。

From the characteristics of gender distribution, technique characteristics and energy metabolism characteristics in combat antagonistic item group medals in the recent five summer Olympic Games in China, this paper uses methods such as literature review and mathematical statistics to explore the distribution characteristics and development trend of combat antagonistic item group medals in the summer Olympic Games in China. The results show that the level of men is lower than that of women and the medal count is stable. For the feature of technique, the winning skill in wrestling skill is obviously better than the throwing skill, but the number of medals in wrestling skill shows an obvious downward trend. Among the characteristics of energy metabolism, the medals of high anaerobic energy supply projects > low anaerobic energy supply projects. It showed a significant downward trend, while the medals of high anaerobic energy supply projects showed a significant upward trend. In the past five Olympic Games in China, the influence of fighting antagonistic items on medal winning was ranked as follows: tae kwon do > fencing > wrestling > judo > boxing, judo medals showed a significant decline trend, medal winning difficulty increased, boxing medals showed a significant increase trend becoming a new advantage item in China.