第31届奥运会田径项目奖牌分布特征分析

Analysis on the Distribution Characteristics of Medals in Track and Field Events of the 31st Olympic Games

运用文献资料法、数理统计法等对第31届奥运会田径项目奖牌分布特征进行分析,研究结果显示:第31届奥运会田径比赛中有35个国家登上奖牌榜,美国以13枚金牌位居金牌榜榜首,位居奖牌榜前3名的国家是美国、肯尼亚、牙买加;各国的优势项目各有不同,肯尼亚和埃塞俄比亚以耐力性项群为主;美国和牙买加以速度性项群为主;德国、波兰、新西兰以力量性项群为主;只有不同项群的竞技项目均衡发展,才有可能在比赛中位居诸强国之首。

Using the literature method and mathematical statistics method to analyze the distribution characteristics of medals in track and field events in the 31 st Olympic Games, the results show that 35 countries in the track and field competition of the 31 st Olympic Games are on the medal list, and the United States has 13 gold medals ranking at the top of the gold medal list. The top three countries in the medal list are the United States, Kenya, and Jamaica;advantages of each country are different, Kenya and Ethiopia are dominated in endurance groups;the United States and Jamaica are dominated in speed groups. Germany, Poland and New Zealand are mainly based on strength groups;only when the competitive projects of different groups are developed in a balanced manner, it is possible to rank first among countries in the competition.