市场化电力体制中保底供电及其价格形成机制研究

Suggestions on the Minimum-Guaranteed ElectricPower Supply Policy in Accordance with China’s Electricity Power Market Reform Process

保底供电为竞争性电力体制中的标准配置。国外的保底供电包括默认供电和应急供电两种形式,保底供电的销售价格基于"合理成本+合理利润"确定,既不是"亏本供电",也不是"惩罚性高价供电"。我国保底供电规范化的发展方向是逐步减少保底供电对象,基于成本原则确定保底供电价格。近期在保持居民、农业用电价格稳定的条件下,为实现保底供电的可持续性,需采取与电力市场化改革过渡期相适应的保底供电对策。

Minimum-Guaranteed power supply is a standard configuration in a competitive power system. The development direction of China’s minimum-guaranteed power supply standardization is to gradually reduce the guaranteed power supply targetsand determine the price of minimum-guaranteed power supply based on the cost principle.In the near future, while keeping the minimum-guaranteed power supply for residents and agriculture at a low-cost, in order to maintain the financial balance and sustainability of the Minimum-guaranteed power supply, according to factors like power supply structure, the proportion of residential agricultural electricity and the progress of the electricity market construction, it can be implemented individually or comprehensively from the following four aspects: the corresponding number of low-cost power supplies are not participating in the competition;implementing such settlement proportional control for participating power sources:"part of the power is settled at market price, and other part is settled at the original government price(contract for difference)";the price of the electricity for agricultural and residential use will be adjusted regularly;establish the electric power service fund for public welfare.