硒与内分泌疾病的关系研究进展

Advances in research on selenium and endocrine diseases

目的:了解硒元素与内分泌相关疾病的关系。方法:通过中国知网、万方数据库等检索国内外有关硒与内分泌相关疾病关系的研究文献,并给予整理归类和综合分析。结果:硒与各种甲状腺疾病的发生相关,补硒能使甲状腺炎患者的抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(thyroid peroxidase antibody,TPOAb)滴度降低,使甲状腺超声结构得到改善,有助于低三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)综合征也称甲状腺功能正常的病态综合征(euthyroid sick syndrome,ESS)患者的甲状腺激素水平更早恢复正常,能促进Graves眼病(Graves ophthalmopathy,GO)患者的甲状腺功能恢复。硒与糖尿病的发生相关,补硒能促进细胞摄取糖的能力,调控胰岛素介导的糖代谢过程,降低血糖,表现出类胰岛素作用,也有提高C肽水平和保护血管作用。硒与其他疾病的发生相关,补硒能改善脂质代谢,减少总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein,LDL)的产生,增加高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein ,HDL)的含量,有助于预防冠状动脉粥样硬化形成;补硒可保护肾脏,减少尿白蛋白排泄率,也能够促进GO患者的眼部症状好转,提高生活质量。亦有不同观点,如甲状腺抗体水平基线高低不同补硒的疗效不一致;也有学者对硒与糖尿病大小血管并发症的相关性持不同意见。结论:硒与内分泌系统的大部分疾病具有相关性,可为我国食硒与内分泌相关疾病的研究提供参考依据。

Objective: To understand the relationship between selenium and endocrine-related diseases. Methods: The domestic and foreign literatures on selenium and endocrine-related diseases were searched through China knowledge network,Wanfang database,and were sorted out,classified and analyzed comprehensively. Results: Selenium is associated with the occurrence of various thyroid diseases,filling selenium to make thyroid inflammation in patients with lower resistance to thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb) concentration.It can improve the thyroid ultrasound structure and help euthyroid sick syndrome(ESS) called normal thyroid function of pathological syndromethyroid hormone levels in patients with early return to normal .It can also promote the thyroid function in patients with Graves ophthalmopathy(GO).Selenium is related to the occurrence of diabetes mellitus.Selenium supplementation can promote the ability of cells to ingest sugar,regulate insulin-mediated glucose metabolism, reduce blood glucose and show insulin-like effect.It also increases c-peptide levels and protects blood vessels.Selenium is associated with the occurrence of other diseases.Selenium supplementation can improve lipid metabolism,reduce the production of total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL),increase the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL),and help prevent the formation of coronary atherosclerosis.Selenium supplementation can protect the kidney and reduce urinary albumin excretion rate.It can also improve the eye symptoms of GO patients and improve their quality of life.There are also different views,such as thyroid antibody level baseline level of different selenium supplementation effect inconsistent.Different scholars hold different opinions on the correlation between selenium and diabetes mellitus vascular complications. Conclusion: Selenium is related to most diseases of the endocrine system,which provides scientific basis for the research of selenium eating and endocrine-related diseases in China.