民生财政投入对中国贫困的影响分析——基于空间面板模型的检验

Analysis of the Impact of People’s Livelihood Financial Input on China’s Poverty: A Test Based on Spatial Panel Model

中国财政体制的民生式转型、亲贫式的经济增长政策和精准扶贫战略的实施使得政府在教育、医疗、社会保障、就业等民生领域的财政投入持续加大,但民生财政投入的增长与中国各省区的减贫效果并非呈同步变化,各地民生财政投入与其贫困程度之间在空间上并非均衡分布。为解释民生财政投入与中国贫困变化之间的复杂关系,基于2007-2017年省级面板数据,采用空间面板模型检验中国民生财政投入的减贫效应,研究发现,中国各省区民生财政投入强度与贫困发生率均呈现收敛性特征,民生财政投入减贫效应明显,民生财政投入的减贫效应存在空间外溢特征,从而解释了民生财政投入与贫困发生率在空间上的非均衡分布。

Financial system transformation of people’s livelihood, pro-poor economic growth policy and the accurately targeted poverty alleviation strategy implementation in China make the governmental financial investment in the field of people’s livelihood, including education, medical treatment, social security and employment, continue to increase. But the growth of people’s livelihood financial input and poverty reduction effect of China’s provinces are not synchronous changes. People’s livelihood financial input and poverty degree of 31 provinces are not balanced on the space distribution. In order to explain the complex relationship between the financial input of people’s livelihood and the change of poverty in China, based on the provincial panel data from 2007 to 2017, the spatial panel model was used to test the poverty reduction effect of the financial input of people’s livelihood in China. The study shows that the intensity of people’s livelihood financial input and the poverty rate ofChina’s provinces have convergence characteristics, the effect of people’s livelihood financial input on the poverty reduction is significant, and the spatial spillover effect exists in the people’s livelihood financial input on poverty reduction, which explains the unbalanced distribution of the incidence in space of people’s livelihood financial input intensity and poverty.