论晚宋送谒诗的三重维度

On the Three Dimensions of the Song Ye Poetry in the Late Song Dynasty

送谒诗集中出现于晚宋,揭示了一种不务科举、以干谒为生计,且得到社会默许与士人认可的社会情态。作为传统送别诗的旁支,晚宋送谒诗以其创作目的的预设,兼顾作者、谒客、谒主的三重维度,从一开始就突破了私人交流的范畴,呈现出较为复杂的面相。一方面,作者会从谒客的立场出发,述说其过人才华与生计之煎迫,并期待其游谒之举能有满意的结果;另一方面,作者又会竭力推崇谒主之才德,偶尔也会为其推介合适的谒主。除此之外,作者本人有时又不免借机流露出博取谒主顾盼自己的江湖习气。凡此种种,皆透露出晚宋士人行谒的普遍风气、送谒诗深具务实的交际功能和更为丰富的思想抒发。

The Song Ye Poetry appeared in the late Song Dynasty, which revealed a kind of social modality that did not do the imperial examination, but made the Xing Ye as a livelihood, and received by social acquiescence and scholars’ recognition. As a branch of the traditional farewell poem, the Song Ye Poetry in the late Song Dynasty is preset for its creation purpose, which is bound to take into account for the three dimensions of the author, the guest and the host. On the one hand, the author will exaggerate the guest’s outstanding talent and poor life, and expect the good result of his visit. On the other hand, the author will try to promote the merit of the host, and occasionally recommend himself to the host. All of these things reveal the general atmosphere in the late Song Dynasty, as well as the practical communicative function of Song Ye Poetry, and the richer expression of thoughts at the same time.