人工智能技术在辅助耳鼻咽喉科医师了解过敏性鼻炎患者需求中的应用

Artificial intelligence technology application in disclosing allergic rhinitis patients′ needs to otolaryngologists

目的利用人工智能技术分析近年中国互联网用户对于过敏性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)的网上检索信息,以帮助耳鼻咽喉科医师更好地了解AR患者的实际需求,从而在临床实践中更加合理地对患者进行管理。方法AR"热搜"使用了百度指数分析百度平台"过敏性鼻炎"(或"变应性鼻炎",下同)搜索指数每日平均值和峰值走势。AR"热问"采用人工智能技术从"百度知道"和"360问答"的平台对指定关键词"过敏性鼻炎"下的问题文本进行信息自动抽取和归类。在此基础上采用基于Word2Vec词语相似度计算模型与标签别名语义相似度匹配的融合算法,将同类问题进行文本语义相似度合并处理。此方法分析AR的提问量、AR问题的浏览量和AR问题的诉求分布及症状分布数据。结果"过敏性鼻炎"在百度平台搜索指数每日平均值和峰值均呈逐年上升趋势。关于AR提问最多的3类问题为AR的最佳治疗方法、AR怎么样处理以及AR的注意事项。浏览量最高的3类问题为AR的最佳治疗方法、AR的治疗偏方及AR怎么样处理。问题中被提及最多的前3位药物是中药、抗组胺药和盐水洗鼻,而64%的提问者对AR药物治疗一无所知。结论人工智能技术的应用可以帮助耳鼻咽喉科医师更好了解患者的真实需求并辅助判断AR患病率是否升高。本研究显示,中国AR患者最关注疾病的治疗和处理,同时期望通过日常生活的管理来改善症状,但是对于AR正规的治疗药物认识不足,偏好中药和偏方;患者不了解AR的疾病特征,对于过敏原以及过敏原回避的概念也认识不足。提示医务工作者需要在临床诊疗中更好地进行患者教育并提升规范化治疗。

Objective To help otolaryngologists better understand the real needs of patients with allergic rhinitis(AR)to manage patients more rationally in clinical practice,we used artificial intelligence technology to analyze the online search information of AR in Chinese internet users in recent years. Methods AR ′ hot research ′ used the Baidu Index to analyze the daily average and peak trend of the Baidu platform ′ allergic rhinitis′ search index. AR ′ hot question′ used artificial intelligence technology to automatically extract and categorize the questions under the specified keyword ′ allergic rhinitis′ from ′ Badu Know′ and ′360 Question and Answer′. On this basis,a fusion algorithm based on Word2 Vec model and semantic similarity matching is applied to merge similar questions. Then we analyzed the number of AR questions,the pageviews of AR questions,the distribution of appeals and symptom distribution data for AR questions. Results The search index daily average and peak values of’allergic rhinitis’ in the Baidu platform were increasing annually. The three most frequently viewed answers to questions were the best treatment for AR,ruminant of AR,and means of coping with AR. The top three drugs mentioned in the questions were traditional Chinese medicine,antihistamines and nasal irrigation,while64% of respondents knew nothing about AR drug treatment. Conclusion The application of artificial intelligence can help otolaryngologists better understand the real needs of patients and assist determining if the prevalence of AR is elevated. This study showed that Chinese AR patients were most concerned about AR treatment and expected that their symptoms could be improved through daily life management. However,their knowledge of AR regular treatment drugs was insufficient and they preferred traditional Chinese medicine and remedies. Besides,their awareness of the characteristics of AR and the concept of allergen or allergen avoidance were not enough. It was suggested that healthcare providers need to better educate patients and improve standardized treatment in clinical diagnosis and treatment.