全向圆极化天线技术综述

Overview of Omnidirectional Circularly-polarized Antenna Technology

全向圆极化天线既具有全向天线在平面内全辐射的性能,又具有圆极化天线可以辐射和接收圆极化波的特性,广泛应用于遥感遥测、通信、雷达、电子侦察和电子干扰等领域。介绍了三种全向圆极化天线的典型实例,即全向天线圆极化法、圆极化天线单元组合法和多天线组合法,并对比了其优缺点。分析了三种关键技术,即宽带化、小型化和多功能。全向圆极化天线的各性能之间相互制约,设计一种合适的全向圆极化天线,需要权衡其各方面因素。全向圆极化天线在不同的应用场合将会侧重不同性能方向发展。

An omnidirectional circularly-polarized antenna has the performance of full radiation in plane as well as the characteristic of radiating and receiving circularly-polarized wave and it is widely used in remote sensing,telemetry communication,radar,electronic reconnaissance,electronic interference and other fields.This paper introduces three typical examples of omnidirectional circularly-polarized antennas including circular polarization method for omnidirectional antenna,circular polarization antenna element combination method and multiple antenna combination method,and compares the advantages and disadvantages. It also analyzes three key techniques,including broadband,miniaturization and multifunction.In order to design an appropriate omnidirectional circularly-polarized antenna,it is necessary to weigh the influences of all aspects.Omnidirectional circularly-polarized antennas will focus on different performance directions in different applications.