循环肿瘤细胞在肝癌中的研究及应用进展

Research and application progress of circulating tumor cells in hepatocellular carcinoma

肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)是全球范围内最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,发病率及死亡率高,预后差。影响预后的主要原因为早期诊断困难及术后易复发、转移。因此,HCC的早期诊断及术后监测对改善HCC患者的总体预后尤为重要。循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cell,CTC)是存在于血液循环中的恶性肿瘤细胞,在肿瘤的侵袭、转移中发挥重要作用。CTC检测作为"液体活检"技术,能够实时重复监测外周血中的肿瘤细胞,在肿瘤早期诊断、术后动态监测及预后评价等方面具有巨大的临床应用价值。本文回顾了国内外CTC研究进展,对其检测方法及在HCC患者诊断、预后等方面的研究及临床应用等进行系统综述。

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality and poor prognosis. The main reason for poor prognosis are difficulties in early diagnosis, common recurrence and metastasis after surgery. Therefore, early diagnosis and postoperative monitoring of HCC are particularly important to improve the overall prognosis of HCC patients. Circulating tumor cells(CTCs) are malignant tumor cells in blood circulation, which play an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis. As a"liquid biopsy"technique, CTC test can be performed in real-time and allows repeated monitoring of tumor cells in peripheral blood, which has great clinical application value in early tumor diagnosis, postoperative dynamic monitoring, and prognosis evaluation. In this article, the research progress of CTCs at home and abroad was retrospectively illustrated, and their detection methods, research, and clinical applications for diagnosis, prognosis, and other aspects of HCC patients were systematically reviewed.