基于麻纤维板材回收再利用的汽车内饰用短纤维增强复合材料性能的研究

Study on Properties of Short Fiber Reinforced Composites Based on Recycled Jute Fiber Plates Applied in Automobile Interior Part

采用汽车内饰的黄麻纤维板材回收破碎,通过侧喂料喂入进行共混加工,最佳加工温度为190℃,最终注塑成短纤维增强复合材料。当纤维含量为20%时,复合材料力学性能与滑石粉/聚丙烯材料的相互媲美,而且密度下降9%左右,满足汽车内饰聚丙烯材料轻量化和绿色化的要求。基于此,采用马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MAPP)来提高材料力学性能。当MAPP质量分数为3%时,复合材料拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别达最大值为35.5MPa、58.3MPa和2.9J/m,而拉伸模量和弯曲模量最大值为3452、2797MPa。

Jute fiber plates for automobile interior part were recycled and crushed.The pellets were then compounded with polypropylene resin by side feeding.Finally the short fiber reinforced composites were manufactured by injection molding when the optimized processing temperature was 190 ℃.When the fiber weight content was 20%,the composite mechanical properties were comparable to those of talc powder/polypropylene,and its density could decrease about 9%,which could meet the requirements of lightweight and environmentally friendliness.And maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene(MAPP)was used to improve the mechanical properties.When the content of MAPP was 3%,the maximum values of tensile strength,flexural strength and impact strength could achieve 35.5 MPa,58.3 MPa and 2.9 J/m,respectively,while the maximum values of tensile modulus and flexural modulus could achieve 3 452 MPa and 2 797 MPa.