老年住院患者营养不良状况分析

Investigation of the Nutritional Status of Elderly Inpatients

目的:利用简易营养评价精法(short-form mini-nutritional assessment,MNA-SF)评价住院老年患者营养状况,并探讨老年患者营养状况与躯体功能的关系。方法:选取我院老年病及内科收治的年龄≥65岁的住院患者共104例,使用MNA-SF评价患者的营养状况,根据患者年龄、性别、慢性病等情况入组营养不良患者36例,营养良好患者68例,比较两组患者的饮食习惯、躯体功能,并对营养评分与握力、步速进行相关性分析。结果:与营养良好组相比,营养不良组进食肉食次数较少(16%vs 48%, P=0.012),握力[(11.67±9.89)kg vs (20.46±9.89)kg, P<0.001]及步速(0.46±0.641m/s vs 1.16±0.65m/s,P<0.001)均显著降低。老年住院患者MNA-SF得分与握力及步速呈显著正相关(r=0.562, P<0.001)和(r=0.600,P<0.001)。结论:住院老年患者的营养状况与进食肉食次数、握力和步速相关。

Objective: To investigate the nutritional status of elderly inpatients by using short-form mini-nutritional assessment(MNA-SF), and to explore the effects of nutritional status and its association with physical function in older inpatients. Methods: This study included data collected from 104 elderly patients in Geriatrics and Internal Medicine aged 65 years or older. MNA-SF was used to evaluate the nutritional status of the inpatients. The elderly inpatients were divided into two groups via MNA-SF, whereas in consideration of age, gender and chronic conditions. Thirty-six inpatients with malnutrition(case group) were enrolled, the control group contained sixty-eight inpatients without malnutrition. The above two groups were matching with age, gender and chronic conditions. Eating habits as well as physical functions were compared between the two groups, and the correlation between nutrition score and physical function(grip strength and walking speed) was analyzed. Results: Compared with the well-nourished group, participants in the malnutrition group ate less meat(16% vs 48%, P=0.012). The grip strength [(11.67±9.89)kg vs(20.46±9.89)kg, P<0.001) and the walking speed [(0.46±0.64)m/s vs(1.16±0.65)m/s, P<0.001] of the malnourished group were lower than those of the well-nourished group. Further correlation analysis showed that the MNA-SF score in older patients was positively correlated with grip strength(r=0.562, P<0.001) and walking speed(r=0.600, P<0.001). Conclusion: The nutritional status of older inpatients is related to the number of times of eating meat. The nutritional status affects the physical function in older inpatient.