我国基层公务员职务犯罪行为动机的实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Motivation of Job Crimes of Grass-roots Civil Servants in China

通过职务犯罪者这一特殊样本,采用实证测量的方式,探索我国基层公务员职务犯罪动机,具有重要现实意义。基层公务员职务犯罪者在进行犯罪风险与收益决策过程中,具有较为独特的考量要素。他们既希望通过职务犯罪手段满足个人私欲,同时又强烈地感受到有可能带来的失去尊严、社会地位等方面的无形风险。基层公务员职务犯罪者的决策动机是复杂的,他们虽然不可能完全依靠理性选择模型进行行为决策,但不可否认的是,从事职务犯罪行为的个人依然会将风险与收益作为最为核心的衡量因素。通过对职务犯罪者行为决策的风险、收益量表的构建,可以有效测量出职务犯罪者的风险点与收益点,这有利于在统筹反腐败资源上更加合理与高效,对当下反腐败工作具有重要的政策启示意义。

This study explores the motivation of job-related crimes of grass-roots civil servants in China.Based on the empirical data conducted by both interview and survey method,we found that the grass-roots civil servants who commit crimes by taking advantage of their duties have unique considerations in the decision-making process of risks and benefits.They not only hope to get the benefits from the corrupt practice to satisfy their personal vanity;but also strongly feel the invisible risk of losing their dignity and social status.This finding suggests that the grass-roots civil servants who commit crimes by taking advantage of their duties have more complicated motivation when they conducted the corrupt practice.Although it is impossible to rely entirely on the so-called rational choice theory,it is undeniable that individuals who commit crimes by taking risks and benefits as the core factors to measure.Thus this study is of policy reference importance for the anti-corruption work in China.