乡村治理中的乡贤参事:缘起、功能扩散与目标达成

Village Elites Council in Rural Community Governance:Origin,Function Diffusion and Goal Achievement

以乡村精英为主体的乡贤参事会在现代乡村社区治理中扮演着越来越重要的角色。在解决基层矛盾、构建基层社会自治体系、维护地方稳定方面,乡贤参事会及其成员扮演着组织者、引导者、参与者、合作者等多重角色,促进了基层乡村社会资源整合、协商自治文化建设以及公共服务能力的提升。凭借参事会成员本身在才学品德、乡土情怀、财力资源、信息资源、政策资源等方面的优势地位,以介入乡土社会的中心活动、服务与工作为途径,乡贤参事会在参与社区治理中发挥了资源枢纽与环境增能、文化涵育与意识增能、权利发挥与自治增能三方面的功能,推动了基层社区治理的发展。当然,乡贤参事会也存在着许多问题。从对外关系上来看,与基层多元自治力量之间角色关系不明确、权利界限模糊;从对内管理上来看,乡贤参事会的使命感不强且僵尸型倾向明显,甚至可能存在个人崇拜主义及黑化风险。

The Village Elites Council,which is dominated by rural elites,plays an increasingly important role in the governance of modern rural communities.The study found that in solving the contradictions at the grassroots level,building a grassroots social autonomy system,and maintaining local stability,the Village Elites Council and its members played multiple roles as organizers,guides,participants,and collaborators,and promoted grassroots rural social resources,integration,negotiation of autonomous culture construction and improvement of public ser vice capabilities.With the advantages of the members of the board of directors in learning morality,local feelings,financial resources,information resources,policy resources,etc.,and taking part in the activities,services and work of the local society,the Village Elites Council will play a part in participating in community governance.The functions of resource hubs and environmental empowerment,cultural conservation and awareness empowerment,rights development and autonomy and energy enhancement have promoted the development of grassroots community governance.Of course,there are also many problems in the Village Elites Council.From the perspective of external relations,the role relationship with the multi-level self-governing forces at grassroots level is not clear,and the boundaries of rights are vague.From the perspective of internal management,the mission of the Village Elites Council is not strong and the tendency of zombies is obvious or even the risk of blackening and personal worship.