论认知解谜类型的科幻电影

On Cognitive Puzzle-solving Types of Science Fiction Films

以往依题材不同对科幻电影进行的分类没有从电影的独特性出发,是不完备的。按照科幻特征进行分类,应分为娱乐型和认知解谜型。从科幻电影出现伊始,娱乐型影片就成为主流,但自从库布里克的《2001:太空漫游》和塔可夫斯基的《飞向太空》问世之后,认知解谜型科幻电影建构起一种对立的空间。认知解谜型科幻电影放弃了娱乐型科幻电影仅仅从表面描述科技变化给人类带来的影响,而是试图从根源上探索人与自然的关系,将观众的思考导入本体论、认识论、方法论等的哲学思考;其次,通过对谜团的暧昧展现,引发观众对问题的领悟,导致重整自身知识;再者,认知解谜型科幻电影在艺术上是颇具探索性的,具有先锋文化的特征。

The classification of sci-fi movies based on themes did not really stem from the uniqueness of genre movies.It was incomplete.The classification directly according to the characteristics of science fiction should be entertaining and cognitive puzzle solving.Entertainment movies have become the mainstream since the science fiction movies came into being.However,since Stanley Kubrick’s 2001:A Space Odyssey and Andri Tarkovsky’s Solaris came into being,cognitive puzzle-solving science fiction movies have constructed a space of opposites.First of all,cognitive puzzle-solving sci-fi movies is not only focus on how technology changes on the surface of human and society,but try to explore the relationship between human and nature from the root,and introduce the audience’s mind into philosophical thinking such as ontology,epistemology,methodology,etc.Secondly,through the ambiguous display of the mystery by the movie,the audience could grasp the problem by their own way,leading to the reorganization of their own knowledge.Third,cognitive science fiction movies are exploratory in art and have the characteristics of avant-garde culture.