松木粉/ABS木塑复合材料的制备与性能研究

Preparation and Properties of Pine Wood Flour/ABS Wood-Plastic Composites

以化学改性松木粉(PWF)为增强材料,以丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)为基体,并添加少量多壁碳纳米管(MWNT),通过熔融挤出制备了适用于熔融沉积成型(FDM)技术的PWF/ABS木塑复合材料,对复合材料的力学性能、热性能和界面相容性进行了分析。结果表明,采用碱和硅烷偶联剂(KH590)对松木粉进行表面化学改性处理,能改善木塑复合材料的力学性能和热稳定性能;随着木粉的质量百分数增加,木塑复合材料的力学性能总体呈一个先上升后下降的趋势,在质量分数为15%时,其力学性能达到最佳,其中弯曲强度为75.77 MPa,拉伸强度为65.32 MPa,缺口冲击强度为3.98 kJ/m^2。添加少量MWNT可显著提高复合材料的力学性能,加入5%的MWNT后,其弯曲强度达到123.77 MPa,拉伸强度达到78.21 MPa,缺口冲击强度达到4.88 kJ/m^2,相对于未添加碳纳米管的复合材料,其弯曲强度、拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度分别提高了63%、19.7%和22.6%左右。该木塑复合材料线材可用于3D打印,具有良好的打印性能和力学性能。

Taking chemically modified pine wood flour(PWF)as reinforcing materials and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS)as matrix,a small amount of multi-wall carbon nanotubes(MWNTs)were added to obtain PWF/ABS wood-plastic composites(WPC)by melt extrusion,which were suitable for three dimensional(3D)printed wires in fused deposition molding(FDM)technology.The mechanical properties,thermal properties and interface compatibility of the composites were analyzed.The experimental results show that mechanical properties and thermal property of the composites could be improved by using alkaline solution and KH590 to modify the surface of pine wood flour.With the increase of mass percentage of wood powder,the mechanical properties of the composites generally show a tendency to rise firstly and then decline.When the mass percentage of wood flour is 15%,the mechanical properties of the composites could achieve the best,the bending strength is 75.77 MPa,the tensile strength is 65.32 MPa,and the notch impact strength is 3.98 kJ/m 2.The addition of MWNTs could improve the mechanical properties of the composites significantly.When the addition of MWNTs is 5%,the bending strength could reach 123.77 MPa,the tensile strength reaches 78.21 MPa,and the notch impact strength reaches 4.88 kJ/m 2,compareing with the composites without MWNTs,the values are increased by 63%,19.7%and 22.6%.The composites can be used in FDM 3D printing technology and has good printing performance and mechanical properties.