高学历人口迁居决策:精神方面收益比较

Decision-Making of the Migrating Relocation of Highly Educated Population:Comparison of Mental Gains

为全面探究高学历人口的迁居动机和影响因素,基于中山大学劳动力动态调查数据(CLDS),对高学历人口迁居的影响因素进行理论与实证分析。研究表明:在高学历人口迁居影响因素中,精神收益呈现显著影响,说明精神收益对高学历人口迁居而言具有重要作用;相比较普通学历人口而言,高学历人口在精神收益方面的工作价值及生活满意度均显著,而前者仅表现为生活满意度显著;相比较于物质收益而言,高学历人口精神收益的影响依然小于物质收益,说明物质收益依然重要;精神收益对高学历人口迁居的作用具有城市和性别异质性,即在副省级以上城市和男性中精神收益对迁居的作用均大于中小城市和女性高学历人口迁居的作用。通过对精神收益的理论和实证分析,能够更加全面地揭示高学历人口迁居的影响因素,对于各城市合理的引才留才具有一定的政策启示意义。

In order to comprehensively explore the motivation and influencing factors of the migrating reloca tion of the highly educated population, this article conducts theoretical and empirical analysis on the influenc ing factors of the highly educated population based on the China labor-force dynamics survey (CLDS) of Sun Yat-sen University. The research shows that: among influencing factors of the highly educated population, men tal gains have a significant impact, indicating that mental gains play an important role in the migrating reloca tion of the highly educated population;compared with the generally educated population, the highly educated population has significant work value and life satisfaction in terms of mental gains, while the former only shows significant life satisfaction;compared with material gains, the influence of mental gains of the highly educated population is still smaller than that of material gains of the highly educated population, which indicates that ma terial gains are still important;the effect of mental gains on the migrating relocation of the highly educated popu lation is of urban and gender heterogeneity, that is to say that the effect of mental gains on the migrating reloca tion of the highly educated population in cities at or above sub-provincial level and among male is greater than that in small-medium cities and female. Through the theoretical and empirical analysis of mental gains, we can more comprehensively reveal the influencing factors of the migrating relocation of the highly educated popula tion, which has certain policy suggestion and significance for the reasonable talent attraction and retention in various cities.