沙芥果皮浸提液对白菜种子化感作用及其化感物质分析

Allelopathy of cabbage seeds soaked from the extraction of peels of Pugionium cornutum(L.) Gaertn and analysis of its Allelochemicals

为了寻找对白菜种子萌发产生抑制作用的化学物质,进而研究沙芥化感作用,通过生物检测方法研究了沙芥果皮浸提液中的甲醇、乙酸乙酯、乙醚、石油醚萃取相及剩余水相对白菜种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,并利用GC-MS技术鉴定其化学组成。结果表明:不同浓度沙芥果皮各分离相萃取液对白菜种子萌发及幼苗生长呈现化感抑制作用,且浓度越高,抑制作用越强,其化感综合效应介于-0.01^-0.49。相同浓度处理下,沙芥果皮各分离相萃取液对白菜种子萌发与幼苗生长的抑制程度为乙醚相>乙酸乙酯相>甲醇相>剩余水相>石油醚相,乙醚相为优势分离相。从沙芥果皮各分离相萃取液中鉴定出的主要化合物为酚酸类、有机酸类、醇醚类、芳香烃类物质,其中邻苯二甲酸和15-冠醚-5为各分离相共有的物质。各分离相萃取液浓度高于0.75g/mL对白菜种子发芽、幼苗苗高和根长均具有较强的抑制作用。

The effects of the extraction of methanol phase,ethyl acetate phase,ethyl ether phase,petroleum ether phase and water phase of water-soaked peels of Pugionium cornutum (L.) Gaertn on the germination rates and growth of cabbage were investigated through the bioassay method,and the chemical compositions of the extracts were isolated and identified by GC-MS.The results showed that Pugionium cornutum (L.) Gaertn peels extracts inhibited cabbage seed germination and seedling growth,with the inhibitory effect in proportion to the extract concentration.Allelopathy comprehensive effects of the organic phases with different concentrations were between -0.01 and -0.49.At the same concentration,the inhibitory effects of the extracts of Pugionium cornutum (L.) Gaertn peels on the seed germination and seedling growth were:ethyl ether phase > ethyl acetate phase > methanol > water phase > petroleum ether phase,indicating that ethyl ether phase was the superior phase.Main organic compounds were identified in organic extracts from peels of Pugionium cornutum (L.) Gaertn,including phenolic aciods,organic acidr,alcohol,arenes,of which 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid 1H-Indene and 15-Crown-5 were the common material of all organic phase.Phthalic acid and 15-crown ether-5 were the common substances of each phase.The extracts of each isolated phase with > 0.75 g/mL concentration had strong inhibitory effects on the germination of cabbage seeds,the seedling height,and root length.