北方农牧交错区不同耕作方式对油菜田土壤酶活性的影响

Effects of different tillage methods on soil enzyme activity of rapeseed field in Northern agro-pastoral ecotone

研究不同耕作方式对油菜田土壤酶活性的影响,为北方农牧交错区合理耕作方式的选择与应用提供理论依据。文章研究分析了免耕秸秆还田(NT)、旋耕秸秆还田(RT)、传统翻耕秸秆不还田(T)、传统翻耕秸秆还田(TS)、深松秸秆还田(DT)5种耕作方式对播前和收获后油菜田不同土层土壤酶活性影响的差异。结果表明:不同耕作方式处理下的土壤酶活性变化趋势存在一定差异,其中,免耕秸秆还田(NT)处理的土壤蔗糖酶和脲酶活性较高,旋耕秸秆还田(RT)处理的土壤过氧化氢酶活性较高,不同耕作方式对0~20cm土层土壤碱性磷酸酶活性的影响差异不明显;0~60cm土层平均土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶活性表现为播前>收获后,而碱性磷酸酶活性表现为播前<收获后,土壤脲酶活性除传统翻耕秸秆不还田(T)处理、传统翻耕秸秆还田(TS)处理表现为播前<收获后外,免耕秸秆还田(NT)、旋耕秸秆还田(RT)、深松秸秆还田(DT)处理均表现为播前>收获后。

To study the effect of different tillage methods on the enzyme activity of the soil in the rape field,and to provide the theoretical basis for the selection and application of the rational cultivation method in Northern agro-pastoral ecotone,the study analyzed the no-tillage straw returning to the field (NT),the rotary tillage straw returning to the field (RT),the conventional plowing straw not in the field (T),traditional ploughing straw returning field (TS),and deep pine straw returning field (DT).The effects of different tillage methods on the activity of the soil in different soil layers of the rape field before and after sowing were studied.The results showed that the different tillage methods have similar effect on the change of the activity of the soil profile.The activity of the surface soil enzyme is higher than that of the deep soil enzyme.There are some differences in the changing trend of the enzyme activity under different treatments.The activities of sucrase and urease were the highest in no-ploughing straw returning treatment,and the catalase activity was the highest in rotary ploughing straw returning treatment.There was no significant difference in the effect of different farming methods on soil alkaline phosphatase activity in 0-20 cm soil layer.The average soil catalase and sucrase activities in 0-60 cm soil layer were as follows:pre-sowing > post-harvest,while alkaline phosphatase activity was pre-sowing < post-harvest.Except for T treatment,TS treatment showed pre-sowing < and post-harvest,and the other three treatments showed pre-sowing > post-harvest.