基于果皮SSR分子标记的二十九个红色酿酒葡萄资源的亲缘关系分析

Genetic Relationship of 29 Red Winegrape Varieties Revealed by Simple Sequence Repeat Markers in Skins

为了有效区分和合理利用酿酒葡萄种质资源,减少酿酒葡萄育种工作中亲本选配的盲目性,利用SSR分子标记技术对29份酿酒葡萄资源进行了遗传多样性分析。结果表明:10对SSR引物共扩增出90个位点,观测杂合度为0.482 8~0.965 5,期望杂合度为0.592 3~0.893 5,Shannon多样性指数为1.185 7~2.227 9,多态性位点100%。UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,在遗传相似系数0.16处,29份材料分成两大组,其中含有28个品种的组Ⅰ中,2个欧亚种‘红汁加美’和‘晚红蜜’为亚组Ⅱ;亚组Ⅰ中6个欧亚种(‘美乐181’‘品丽珠327’‘赤霞珠169’‘蛇龙珠’‘马瑟兰c980’和‘宝石解百纳’)之间具有亲子关系,为一类(季组Ⅱ);季组Ⅰ分A、B组,其中A组包含14个欧亚种,1个毛欧杂种、1个种间杂种、1个山欧杂种,B组包括1个种间杂种和3个欧山杂种。聚类分析结果与系谱图一致。该研究结果为酿酒葡萄种质资源保护提供了有效信息,并且为酿酒葡萄育种的亲本选择提供了理论指导。

In order to effectively distinguish and rationally use wine grape germplasm resources,and reduce the blindness of parental selection in winegrape breeding,the genetic diversity of twenty-nine winegrape varieties was analyzed by SSR molecular marker technology.The results showed that 10 pairs of SSR primers amplified 90 loci,the observed heterozygosity,the expected heterozygosity and the Shannon diversity index was 0.482 8-0.965 5,0.592 3-0.893 5,1.185 7-2.227 9,and the percentage of polymorphic loci was 100%.The results of UPGMA cluster analysis showed that the 29 materials were divided into two groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.16.Among the Group I including twenty-eight varieties,‘Gamay Teinturier’ and ‘Saperavi’ were classified into the subgroup II;in the Subgroup I,six Vitis vinifera species(‘Merlot 181’‘Cabernet Franc 327’‘Cabernet Sauvignon 169’‘Cabernet Gernischt’‘Marselan c980’‘Ruby Cabernet’) had parent-child relationship,so they classified into one category(Season Group II).The season Group I could classified into Group A and Group B;the former one contains fourteen Vitis vinifera species,one Vitis quinquangularis Rehd.×Vitis vinifera hybrid,one interspecific hybrid,one Vitis amurensis Rupr.×Vitis vinifera hybrid,while the latter one includes one interspecific hybrid and three hybrids between Vitis vinifera and Vitis amurensis Rupr..The UPGMA dendrogram were basically consistent with the pedigree.The results provide effective information for the protection of wine grape germplasm resources and provide theoretical guidance for the selection of parents for wine grape breeding.