不同药剂对葡萄霜霉病室内毒力测定和田间防效研究

Study on Toxicity and Effectiveness of Different Pesticides Against on Grape Downy Mildew

以12种杀菌剂、4种植物原液为试材,研究其对葡萄霜霉病的田间防效,并用6种杀菌剂对菌丝进行毒力测定,以期为葡萄霜霉病防治提供参考依据。结果表明:不同杀菌剂对葡萄霜霉病的抑制作用存在差异,对菌丝抑制作用EC50值依次为85%波尔·甲霜灵(0.442 2 mg·L^-1)<18.7%烯酰·吡唑酯(0.711 9 mg·L^-1)<57%烯酰·丙森锌(0.778 9 mg·L^-1)<72%霜脲·锰锌(1.608 9 mg·L^-1)<50%烯酰吗啉(2.381 1 mg·L^-1)<80%福美双(15.619 0mg·L^-1)。60%唑醚·代森联、57%烯酰·丙森锌、68%精甲霜·锰锌、72%甲霜·锰锌、18.7%烯酰·吡唑酯、2%辣椒液等大田防效好,持续时间长,防效均达60%以上,其中72.2%霜霉威盐酸盐1 000倍液防效最好,3次用药后达到100%。50%烯酰吗啉、23.4%双炔酰菌胺防效较差,不建议使用。

The field effects of 12 fungicides and 4 plant fluids on grape frosting mildew were compared to better protect against grape downy mildew and the toxicity of 6 kinds of fungicides was determined.The results showed that different fungicides had different inhibitory effects on grape downy mildew.These 6 fungicides′ EC50 against pathogen mycelium growth were 85% bordeaux mixture metalaxyl(0.442 2 mg·L-1)<18.7% dimethomorph pyraclostrobin(0.711 9 mg·L-1)<57% dimethomorph propineb(0.778 9 mg·L-1)<72%cymoxanil mancozeb(1.608 9 mg·L-1)<50% dimethomorph(2.381 1 mg·L-1)<80% thiram(15.619 0 mg·L-1).The field efficacy of 60% pyraclostrobin carbatene,57% dimethomorph propineb,68%Metalaxyl-M mancozeb,72% metalaxyl mancozeb,18.7%dimethomorph pyraclostrobin,2% chili liquid was better and longer duration than the other.The 6 fungicides′ field efficacy were over 60%.The 1 000 times liquid of 72.2% propamocarb hydrochloride′s field efficacy was 100%,which was the best.The field efficacy of 50% dimethomorph and 23.4% mandipropamid was poor and was not recommended.