肠道微生物与儿童孤独症谱系障碍的研究进展

Research advances on intestinal microbes and childhood autism spectrum disorders

孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种严重的神经系统广泛性发育障碍疾病,其核心症状是社会功能的缺失,社会交流障碍、兴趣范围局限及刻板行为等,由遗传和环境因素相互作用而引起。肠道微生物是存在于肠道中数量众多的微生物,不仅影响消化吸收能力,而且通过肠_脑轴影响大脑的发育和功能。特定的益生菌可以调节人体微生态的平衡,维持正常的代谢吸收和免疫防御功能。婴幼儿发育关键期肠道微生物失调会增加儿童ASD的风险,并通过神经内分泌、免疫、代谢产物途径影响儿童ASD的发展,益生菌治疗有望成为治疗儿童ASD的新型辅助治疗方法。

Autism spectrum disorders(ASD)is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder,and its core symptoms include the lack of social function, social communication barriers, limitations of interest and stereotyped behavior, caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Intestinal microorganisms are a large number of microorganisms present in the intestine, which not only affect the ability to digest and absorb, but also affect the brain development and function through the gut-brain axis. Specific probiotics can regulate the balance of human micro-ecology, maintain normal metabolic absorption and immune defense functions. Intestinal microbial disorders in critical stages of infant development may increase the risk of ASD,and affect the development of ASD in children through neuroendocrine,immune,and metabolite pathways. Therefore,probiotics treatment is promising to be a new adjuvant treatment for ASD.