花椰菜保护地制种关键技术探讨

Research on seed production of cauliflower in protected field

为了提高花椰菜保护地制种产量,调查分析了赤霉素处理对花椰菜抽薹的影响、授粉蜜蜂密度对制种的影响,及不同割球方式对保护地花椰菜制种产量的影响。结果表明,花椰菜割球后15 d喷施浓度(w,后同)为1 417 mg·kg^-1的赤霉素,单株种子产量从5.2 g提高到8.8 g,明显提高了保护地制种产量;花椰菜保护地制种授粉蜜蜂密度667 m^2以3万~4万头为宜;不同割球方式对保护地花椰菜制种产量影响较大,以中后期花球进行顶部二次割球(B2)方式为最佳,结荚数最多,种子产量最高。

In order to improve the seed production of cauliflower, the effect of gibberellin, honeybee pollination and cutting-sphere-methods on the seed production of cauliflower were studied. The results showed that The seed yield of single plant was improved from 5.2 g to 8.8 g by spraying 1 417 mg·kg^-1 GA315 days after cutting balls. The appropriate density of honeybee was 30 000~40 000 per 667 m^2. The seed production was greatly affected by cutting ball methods, repeated cutting ball(B2)in the mid/late stage showed the best effect, with the largest number of pods and the highest seed yield.