大型预制构件运输减振与减损技术研究与应用

Study and Application of Vibration and Loss Reduction Technology in Transportation of Large-scale Precast Components

在装配式建筑多样化与多元化的快速发展下,多种类、大尺寸的预制构件运输减振、减损技术亟待解决。针对工程中常见的大型预制构件种类、尺寸,设计一种可拆式多用途减振搁置架,提出相应的减振隔振技术,并建立有限元模型,分析3种运输荷载工况下受力性能与隔振前后随机振动性能。分析结果表明,隔振装置设计刚度应为23.6~378kN/cm,减振搁置架在3种荷载工况下最大应力为178.5MPa,结构处于线弹性受力状态;采用此减振技术隔振效果达到82%。最后开展了减振搁置架试验验证与工程应用,结果表明减振后的预制构件频率为0.01~0.02Hz,减振效果明显,降低了预制构件的破损率,提高了运输效率。

With the rapid pluralism and diversity development in precast buildings,the vibration and loss reduction technology of many kinds and large size prefabricated components need to be solved urgently. Design of detachable multi-purpose damping shelving equipment and vibration and isolation technology were performed based on the type and size of large-scale precast components common in engineering. The finite element model was established to analyze the mechanical behavior under three kinds of transportation loads and random vibration performance. The analysis results show that the designed stiffness of vibration isolation device should be 23. 6 ~ 378kN /cm;the maximum stress of the damping shelves under three load conditions is 178. 5MPa,the load-deformation curve is linear elastic,and the structure is under linear elastic stress. The effect of vibration isolation is 82%. Finally,the test verification and engineering application of the shelves are carried out. The results show that the frequency of precast components is between 0. 01Hz and 0. 02Hz,and the vibration reduction effect is obvious. The damage rate of prefabricated components is reduced and the transportation efficiency is improved.