考虑风险厌恶特征的供应链竞合模式比较研究

Comparative study of supply chain co-opetition models considering risk aversion

企业之间的竞争已演变为供应链之间的竞争.研究由一个制造商与一个零售商构成的两条供应链,并考虑一条供应链中制造商的风险厌恶特征,比较研究完全竞争、单一供应链合作(供应链1或2合作)、供应链内部合作、供应链研发合作五种竞合模式下的供应链最优研发努力决策.结果表明:研发成本系数或风险厌恶程度的增加会降低制造商的研发水平,但能激励竞争供应链的研发努力,而市场波动对竞争供应链研发水平的提高不总是有利的;对供应链利润而言,风险厌恶程度与市场波动会降低两条供应链的利润;尽管制造商的研发水平在供应链研发合作模式下是最优的,但对供应链利润不一定是最优的,其在供应链合作而竞争供应链不合作模式下的利润反而更优.

Competition among enterprises has evolved into competition among supply chains.This paper studies two supply chains consisting of a manufacturer and a retailer.Considering the risk aversion characteristics of a manufacturer in a supply chain,it compares the optimal R&D effort decision-making of supply chain under five competitive modes:Complete competition,single supply chain cooperation(supply chain 1 or 2 cooperation),supply chain internal cooperation and supply chain R&D cooperation.The results show that the increase of R&D cost coefficient or risk aversion degree will reduce the R&D level of manufacturers,but it can stimulate the R&D efforts of competitive supply chains,while market fluctuation is not always beneficial to the improvement of R&D level of competitive supply chains;for supply chain profits,risk aversion degree and market fluctuation will reduce the profits of two supply chains;although the R&D level of manufacturers in the range of the supply chain R&D cooperation mode is the best,but the profit of the supply chain is not necessarily the best.The profit of the supply chain cooperation mode is better than that of the competitive supply chain non-cooperation mode.