四种体色瓯江彩鲤形态性状与体质量的相关性与通径分析

Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis of the Morphometric Traits and Body Weight for the Four Color Patterns of Oujiang Color Common Carp

为了解4种体色类型瓯江彩鲤(Cyprinuscarpiovar.color)(“大花”-BR、“粉花”-BW、“全红”-WR、“粉玉”-WW)的形态性状与体质量的相关程度,本研究对12月龄的4种体色瓯江彩鲤的相关形态性状(体长X1、体宽X2、体高X3、头长X4和尾柄高X5)与体质量(Y)进行了相关分析、回归分析及通径分析。结果显示,“全红”体色在所测性状的变异系数均为最高,具有相对较大的选育潜力;4种体色瓯江彩鲤中各形态性状与体质量的相关性均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),其中,以体高与体质量的相关程度最高。应用逐步引入-剔除法分别构建了4种体色瓯江彩鲤形态性状对体质量的回归方程:即BR为Y1=-517.069+12.628X1+67.916X2+94.885X5;BW为Y2=-525.711+38.085X2+68.869X3+72.206X5;WR为Y3=-502.952+90.980X2+18.172X4+113.965X5;WW为Y4=-537.119+22.932X1+55.113X2+48.203X5。通过通径分析发现,BR和WR群体的X2对Y的直接作用最大(0.387,0.504),BW群体的X3对Y的通径系数最大(0.546),WW群体的X1对Y的通径系数最大(0.508)。研究表明,4种体色瓯江彩鲤的形态特征差异较为明显,各形态性状对体质量的影响程度存在较大差异。研究结果将为瓯江彩鲤的进一步选育提供有益参考。

The relationship between five morphological traits [body length (X1), body width (X2), body height (X3), head length (X4), and caudal peduncle height (X5)] and the body weight (Y) of 12-month-old Oujiang color common carp (Cyprinus carpio var. color), with four different body color patterns [red and black (RB), white and black (WB), whole red (WR), and whole white (WW)] were investigated using correlation analysis, regression analysis, and path analysis. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of all the studied traits was highest in the WR fish, demonstrating that the WR had the greatest potential for selective breeding. For the four different color patterns, the correlation coefficients among the morphological traits and body weight were all extremely significant (P≤0.01), and the greatest correlation coefficient was found between the body height and body weight. The multiple regression equations obtained with the stepwise regression method for the four body color patterns were listed as Y1 =-517.069+12.628X1 +67.916X2 +94.885 X5 (RB);Y2 =-525.711+38.085X2 +68.869X3 +72.206X5 (BW);Y3=-502.952+90.980X2 +18.172X4 +113.965X5 (WR);Y4 =-537.119+22.932X1 +55.113X2 +48.203X5 (WW). The path coefficient analysis showed the highest direct effect of body width on the weight in the RB (0.387) and WR (0.504) fishes, and body height on weight in the WB fishes (0.546), and body length on weight in the WW fishes (0.508). The current study indicated that the morphological differences among the four body color patterns of the Oujiang color common carp had different degrees of influence on the morphological traits of body weight. Consequently, this study provides important insights that can be utilized for selective breeding of Oujiang color common carp in the future.