乙酸改性苎麻纤维固定化微生物的石油污染修复研究

Petroleum pollution remediation of acetic acid modified ramie fiber carrier immobilized microorganism

以乙酸改性苎麻纤维为载体吸附固定石油降解菌群,考察不同环境因素对游离菌和苎麻纤维固定化菌降解原油的影响,并对烷烃降解进行了探讨。结果表明,吸附-生物降解过程在原油污染修复中发挥了重要作用,固定化菌的生物降解率为85.16%。扫描电镜及红外光谱图显示,改性载体具有良好的疏水亲油性,能将微生物和石油烃吸附在表面及内部空隙中。且细菌自身产生的胞外聚合物增强了对载体材料的粘附,细菌活性未受影响。在不同环境条件下,固定化菌剂比游离菌群表现出更好的环境耐受性。GC-FID分析发现,固定化菌剂对短链烷烃(C12~C20)的降解率高达94.85%。

The acetic acid-modified ramie fiber was used as a carrier to adsorb and immobilize the petroleum-degrading microbial flora.The effects of different environmental factors on the degradation of free bacteria and ramie fiber immobilized bacteria were investigated,and the degradation of alkanes was discussed.The results showed that the adsorption-biodegradation process played an important role in oil-pollution remediation,and the oil-degradation rate of immobilized bacteria was 85.16% after 7 d.Scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy showed that the modified carrier has good hydrophobic and lipophilic properties,could adsorb microorganisms and petroleum hydrocarbons on the surface and internal voids.The microbial flora secreted a large amount of extracellular polymer to adhere to the carrier,and the activity was not affected.The immobilized bacteria showed better environmental tolerance than the free cells.GC-FID analysis showed that the degradation rate of short-chain alkanes(C12~C20) by immobilized bacteria was as high as 94.85%.