中国食品安全监管的问题审视与机制向度

Survey and management dimension of food safety management in China

基于全球食品安全问题的治理困境及其中国推进社会治理体系完善与提升治理能力现代化的要求,中国食品安全管理在制度体系建构与政府主导制度实践的推动上均体现出较高的实施效能。然而,在食品安全的治理层面仍旧存在信息公开程度有待继续拓展、食品召回制度缺乏可操作性、行政监管体制导致主体不统一、食品安全可追溯体系尚未真正建立等层面的问题。对此,需要在坚持问题导向和需求导向的基础上,有选择性地借鉴美国在食品安全管理上的有效机制,从优化与构建全方位的信息公开制度、改进与细化问题食品召回制度、理顺与整合行政监管的部门职责、建立与推行食品安全可追溯体系的强制制度4个维度进行整体制度的完善与实施机制的细化,确保实现中国食品安全治理的法治化目标。

At present,based on the predicament of global food safety governance and the requirement of China to promote the improvement of social governance system and the modernization of governance capacity,China’s food safety management has a high implementation efficiency in the construction of system and the promotion of government-led system practice.However,at the level of food safety governance,there are still some problems,such as the degree of information disclosure to be further expanded,the lack of operability of the food recall system,the disunity of the main body caused by the administrative supervision system,and the lack of a real food safety traceability system.In this regard,we need to adhere to the problem-oriented and demand-oriented basis,and selectively draw lessons from the effective mechanism of food safety management in the United States,from optimizing and constructing an all-round informationdisclosure system,improving and refining the problem food recall system,rationalizing and integrating the responsibilities of administrative supervision departments,and establishing and implementing food products.The compulsory system of the safety traceability system and other four dimensions are to improve the overall system and refine the implementation mechanism,so as to ensure the realization of the goal of legalization of China’s food safety governance.