Midkine在肿瘤发生发展中的作用和作为生物标志物的应用

The role of Midkine in tumor development and its application as biomarkers

中期因子(MK)是一种新的肝素结合生长因子,因起初在孕中期小鼠胚胎肾脏发现其大量表达而得名。MK在多种恶性肿瘤组织中高表达,且在肿瘤的发生、发展及转移中发挥着重要作用,可促进肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移和肿瘤血管生成等过程,并影响肿瘤患者的预后,而在正常组织或癌旁组织中低表达甚至不可测。值得注意的是,MK是一种可溶性细胞因子,在血液和其他体液,如尿液和脑脊液中升高非常明显,这使得其成为一种相对方便、可获得、非侵入性和廉价的生物标志物,可用于人群筛查和早期疾病检测。目前MK已被证明是一种能够显著提高癌症检测、管理和治疗水平的生物标志物。本文就MK与肿瘤发生发展、预后及在生物标志物中的应用的研究现状进行综述。

Midkine(MK) is a new heparin-binding growth factor. It was named after the initial expression of mouse embryonic kidneys in the second trimester of pregnancy. MK is highly expressed in a variety of malignant tumor tissues and plays an important role in the occurrence, development and metastasis of tumors, which can promote the process of cancer cell proliferation, migration and tumor angiogenesis, and affect the prognosis of tumor patients, while its expression is low or even undetectable in normal tissues or adjacent tissues. Signi?cantly, because it is a soluble cytokine, the elevated MK is readily apparent in the blood and other body fluids such as urine and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF), making MK a relatively convenient, accessible, non-invasive and inexpensive biomarker for population screening and early disease detection. MK has already proven to be a biomarker that can significantly improve detection, management and treatment of cancer. This article reviews the research status of MK and tumor development, prognosis and its application in biomarkers.