儿童原发性头痛研究进展

Progress in research on primary headache disorders in childhood

儿童原发性头痛主要包括偏头痛、紧张性头痛及丛集性头痛等,是儿童神经内科常见病。通常认为其发病机制是遗传因素及环境因素共同作用所致。头痛反复发作严重影响了患儿的身心健康,给患儿、家庭、学校和社会带来极大的负担。部分患儿可能发展为慢性每日头痛,甚至可能迁延至成年。因此,对患儿原发性头痛的正确诊断及治疗极为重要。儿童原发性头痛需要生理和心理的共同关注,需要联合药物、心理、社会学等多学科治疗,需要改善生活方式、避免诱发因素,多方面共同推进才能达到好的效果。本文就儿童原发性头痛的临床表现、诊断以及治疗管理进行综述。

Primary headache disorders in childhood mainly include migraine, tension headache and cluster headache. Children who present with headaches are common in the neurological clinic. It is generally believed that its pathogenesis is a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Repeated episodes of headaches seriously affect the physical and mental health of children and bring great burdens to their families, schools and society. Some children may have started out with chronic daily headache. Primary headache disorders may continue into adulthood. Therefore, it is extremely important to diagnose and treat the primary headache in children. Physiological and psychological interventions should be offered for children with primary headaches. A multidisciplinary approach, including drugs, psychology and sociology, is required. Children with primary headaches need to improve lifestyles and avoid predisposing factors. Effective management for the primary headache requires a multi-pronged approach. This article reviews the clinical manifestations, the diagnosis and treatment of primary headache disorders in childhood.