西方科学主义语言理论句子观批评

A Criticism of the Sentence Perspectives in Traditional Western Language Theories

西方科学主义语言理论包括结构主义语言学、转换生成语言学、系统功能语言学等。科学主义语言研究使用自然科学的研究方法,追求研究的科学性,要求排除主体性因素的参与,因而语言的主体在语言形成和发展中的认知加工作用被排除在外。句子是语言使用和交际中的基本单位,是语言理论研究的核心之一。句子观直接体现了西方科学主义语言理论的语言观。科学主义语言理论产生的主要渊源涉及到西方社会的科学主义传统和西方哲学中的分析哲学。体验哲学和认知语言学认为科学主义语言观对于句子的形成、结构和意义的分析不符合自然语言的特征。

Traditional western language theories are conducted with the orientation of scientism, pursuing the scientific characteristics of language study. The language theories in modern western philosophy and modern language theories, mainly including the analytic philosophy, structural linguistics, transformational-generative linguistics and systemic functional linguistics, share the feature of language autonomy and language study with the feature of scientism. The scientism requirement is that the subjective elements should be excluded, hence the exclusion of the cognitive processing function from language study. Sentences are the basic units of language in use and communication, so sentence study is one of the cores of traditional western language theories. Sentence perspective directly displays the scientism of the traditional language research. Embodied philosophy and cognitive linguistics hold the view that the pursuit of scientism of language study about the formation, structure and meaning of sentences does not conform to the features of natural language.