膜下滴灌结合暗管技术土壤水盐特性研究

Research on the Soil Water and Salt Change Characteristics of Drip Irrigation under Film Combined with Drainage Technology of Underground Pipeline

膜下滴灌结合暗管排水技术,是一种将膜下滴灌和暗管排水技术结为一体的复合型节水灌排技术。为探究该技术条件下的玉米大田作物土壤水盐和有机质运移规律,在吉林省前郭县前诸尔钦村选取试验地,通过膜下滴灌结合暗管排水(T1)、膜下滴灌(T2)和传统种植(T3)三个不同小区进行田间试验。试验结果表明:在玉米生长期,同一土层深度土壤含水率T1、T2、T3变化幅度分别为9.46%、15.35%、23.49%,说明膜下滴管结合暗管排水有助于改善土壤保水性;T1各层土壤均出现不同程度的脱盐,20、40、60cm土层脱盐率分别为40.5%、38.8%、27.9%,T2玉米生长后期出现深层土壤积盐现象,积盐率为95.2%,T3降雨条件下出现深层土壤积盐,干旱条件下出现表层土壤返盐现象;T1在玉米生长后期,20、40、60cm土壤有机质含量显著增加,T2、T3呈下降的趋势,说明膜下滴灌结合暗管排水有助于提高土壤有机质含量,利于作物生长。本研究还利用Hydrus-1D建立土壤水分运移模型,模拟效果较好,模型可靠。

Membrane drip irrigation combined with concealed drainage technology is a composite water-saving irrigation and drainage technology that combines under-drip irrigation and concealed drainage technology. In order to explore the soil water, salt and organic matter migration rules of corn field crops under the technical conditions, the experimental sites are selected in the former Zhuerqin Village of Qianguo County, Jilin Province, through submerged drip irrigation combined with concealed drainage (T1) and sub-membrane drip irrigation Field trials were conducted in three different plots of (T2) and traditional planting (T3). The results showed that the change of the soil moisture content T1, T2, T3 in the same soil depth is 9.46%, 15.35%, and 23.49% in the corn growing season, respectively. Indicating that the membrane drip tube combined with the dark tube drainage can help to improve the soil water retention. The soils of T1 occurs different degrees of desalting, and the desalination rates of 20, 40 and 60 cm soil layers are 40.5%, 38.8% and 27.9%, respectively. In the late growth stage of T2 corn, salt accumulation in deep soil was observed, and the salt accumulation rate was 95.2%. The deep soil salt accumulation occurred under T3 rainfall conditions, and the surface soil returned to salt under drought conditions. In the late growth stage of maize of T1, the soil organic matter content increased significantly, T2 and T3 had the trend of declining. It indicates that under-drip irrigation combined with concealed drainage helps to increase soil organic matter content and facilitate crop growth. This study also uses Hydrus-1D to establish a water transport model with good simulation results and reliable models.