北京市白纸坊社区母乳喂养现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on current status and influencing factors of breastfeeding in Baizhifang Community of Beijing City

目的调查北京市白纸坊社区1岁以下儿童母乳喂养现状,并探讨其影响因素,为促进儿童母乳喂养提供依据。方法2017年8月至2018年1月采用横断面调查研究,在计划免疫接种门诊采用方便抽样法选取222例婴儿母亲作为研究对象,对其进行问卷调查。结果222例婴儿中0~6月龄婴儿136例,纯母乳喂养率为61.76%(84/136);不同年龄、学历及分娩方式母亲对1岁以下婴儿的继续母乳喂养率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);流动人口母乳喂养率与本地人口比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);69.49%(123/177)的母亲能感受到月嫂和保姆对母乳喂养的鼓励态度;77.93%(173/222)的婴儿母亲所在的社区卫生服务中心提供了产后访视等服务;仅23.98%(47/196)的婴儿母亲工作单位设立了专用的母乳喂养室。结论北京市白纸坊社区6月龄婴幼儿纯母乳喂养率仍有待于提高,1岁以下继续母乳喂养的家庭支持、卫生服务状况和社会环境仍需给予重视。

Objective To investigate the current status of breastfeeding in children under one year old in Baizhifang community of Beijing City,and to explore its influencing factors in order to provide a basis for promoting breastfeeding in children.Methods The cross-sectional study was adopted from August 2017 to January 2018.Totally 222 infantile mothers were selected as the study subjects in the plan immunization clinic by using the convenient sampling method and conducted the questionnaire investigation.Results Among 222 infants,136 cases were 0-6 months old,the exclusive breastfeeding rate was 61.76%(84/136);the continuous breastfeeding rate in the infants under 1 year old had no statistical difference among the mothers with different ages,different education backgrounds,and delivery modes( P >0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in breastfeeding rate between the floating population and native population( P >0.05).Only 69.49%(123/177) of the mothers could feel that the nannies and the babysitters thought that breast milk was better than the formula milk powder.77.93%(173/222) of the community health service centers in infantile mothers location provided post-natal visits and other services.Only 23.98%(47/196) of the work units set up a dedicated breastfeeding room.Conclusion The exclusive breastfeeding rate of infants and young children with 6 months old in the Baizhifang community of Beijing City still needs to be improved.The family support,health service status and social environment of continuing breastfeeding in children under one year old still need to pay more attention.