湖泊拆围和增殖放流对长湖鱼类群落结构及生态环境的影响

The effects of lake breaking and releasing on the community structure of lake fish and ecological impacts

长湖与长江相通,是湖北省第三大湖泊。二十世纪八九十年代,围湖造田,水利建设,围栏精养和城市扩张,湖泊鱼类资源、生态环境受到很大负面影响。为了落实长江经济带“共抓大保护,不搞大开发”的方针,改变长湖环境恶化趋势有着重要作用和重大意义。该文,通过2016-2018年长湖拆围和增值放流后渔获物和生态环境调查、分析,得出湖泊鱼类群落结构和生态环境有了明显改善,天然鱼类、水生动、植物和鸟类有所增加,水质由V-劣V类向IV转化。该文还提出了优化鱼类群落结构和生态环境的具体的方法、合理利用的途径和加强管理的措施。

Changhu is connected with the Yangtze River,which is the third largest lake in hubei Province.In the 1980 s and 1990 s,the reclamation of lakes for farmland,construction of water conservancy facilities,intensive conservation of fences and urban expansion had negative impacts on lake fish resources and ecological environment.In order to implement the policy of "great protection without great development" in the Yangtze River economic belt,it is of great significance to change the deterioration trend of the environment in the Changhu.Through the survey and analysis of the catch and ecological environment after the demolition and release of the old lake from 2016 to 2018,this paper concludes that the community structure and ecological environment of the lake fish have been significantly improved,the natural fish,water vivid,plants and birds have increased,and the water quality has changed from V to inferior V to IV.The methods of optimizing the structure of fish community and ecological environment,the ways of rational utilization and the measures of strengthening management are also put forward.