进化认识论的实在论辩护

A Realistic Defense of Evolutionary Epistemology

适应论纲领长期以来在进化认识论中占据了举足轻重的地位,通过生物体与环境的区分和基于自然选择的被动适应关系,建立了关于真实的对应理论,从而形成了其实在论立场。随着适应论纲领不断受到挑战,其实在论观点也受到内在怀疑论的致命威胁。本文通过对新近出现的激进建构论、非适应论的进化认识论以及应用的进化认识论进行评析,探讨其中的实在论议题,从而重构进化认识论中的实在论立场并为其提供辩护。

The adaptationist program has long played an important role in evolutionary epistemology.It established the correspondence theory of truth through the distinction between organisms and environment,and the passive adaptation based on natural selection,and thus formed its realist position.As the adaptationist program is constantly challenged,its realism is also threatened by internal skepticism.This paper will analyze the newly emerged radical constructivism,the non-adaptationist program and the applied evolutionary epistemology,and explore the realist issues,so as to reconstruct and defend a realist position in evolutionary epistemology.