70年“中国式减贫”的基本经验、面临挑战及前景展望——基于主体—内容—方式的三维视角

The Basic Experiences, Facing Challenges and Prospects of “Chinese-Style Poverty Reduction” in 70 Years ——Based on the Perspective of the Three Dimensions of Subject-Content-Method

区别于以往的总结式思路,本文通过构建“主体—内容—方式”的三维分析框架,为深入考察“中国式减贫”提供了更加全面而清晰的视角。“中国式减贫”事业的基本经验包括:横向党政与纵向央地之间强有力的组织保障,产业发展带动与公共服务体系保障相结合的方向指引,以及由“指标———考核”形成的强刺激的内部驱动力。面临的挑战包括:在主体层面,尚未形成多元主体协同减贫的格局,减贫可持续性有待提升;在内容层面,产业扶贫“短平快”与公共服务体系建设滞后,掣肘减贫事业的发展;在方式层面,指标治理机制运行不畅,减贫过程突显形式主义顽症。这就需要从“主体—内容—方式”三个层面,构建多元主体协同减贫格局,提升减贫可持续性;构建产业扶贫长效机制、加强公共服务体系建设,巩固减贫成果;优化指标治理机制以整治形式主义,释放减贫能量。

Distinguish from the previous summary thoughts,this paper provides a more overall and clear perspective for the in-depth investigation of“Chinese-style poverty reduction”,through constructing a three-dimensional analysis framework of the“subject-content-method”.The basic experiences of the“Chinese-style poverty reduction”undertaking includes the strong organizational guarantee between the party and government from a horizontal aspect and the central and local governments from a vertical perspective,the direction guidance of poverty reduction driven by the combination of industrial development and public service system guarantee,and the internal driving force of strong stimulus formed by the“indicator-appraisal”.It is of great necessarity to build a multi-subject collaborative poverty reduction pattern so as to enhance the sustainability of poverty reduction from a three-dimensional perspective of“subject-content-method”;construct a long-term mechanism for industrial poverty alleviation and strengthen the construction of public service system in order to consolidate the poverty reduction results,and optimize the indicator governance mechanism to regulate the formalism and release the energy of poverty reduction.