药物成瘾与多巴胺能神经元的关系——抗阻力运动的调节作用

Relationship between drug addiction and dopaminergic neurons——Regulation of resistance movement

作为一个世界性难题,药物成瘾现象遍布全球且呈日趋高涨之势,对成瘾机制和防治方法的探究成为国内外研究的热点。研究表明多巴胺能神经元在药物成瘾的神经生物学机制中扮演着重要角色,多巴胺及其受体在神经环路中的功能改变成为现阶段治疗药物成瘾的重要靶标。近年来,作为一种非药物康复手段,运动锻炼在降低用药和复吸行为等方面取得一定成果。其中,抗阻力运动可通过作用于多巴胺能神经元投射,通过对成瘾者的用药摄入量、抑制功能及情绪行为等方面的调节,达到直接或间接促进康复治疗的效果。因此,本文仅对现有的理论假说及形成机制进行客观梳理,为抑制用药渴求、降低复吸率提供理论依据与实践参考。

As a worldwide problem,the phenomenon of drug addiction has spread all over the world and increased rapidly. The research on the mechanism of addiction and prevention methods has become a hot topic at home and abroad. Studies have shown that dopaminergic neurons play an important role in the neurobiological mechanisms of drug addiction. And the functional changes of dopamine and its receptors in the neural circuit have become important targets for drug addiction at this stage. In recent years,as a non-pharmaceutical rehabilitation method,exercise has achieved certain results in reducing medication and relapse behavior. Among different kind of exercise,the anti-resistance exercise can act on dopaminergic neurons to achieve the effect of directly or indirectly promoting rehabilitation therapy by adjusting the intake,inhibition function and emotional behavior of the addict. Therefore,this paper only objectively combs the existing theoretical hypothesis and formation mechanism,and provides theoretical basis and practical reference for suppressing drug craving and reducing relapse rate.