基于地理探测器的中国城市男性青少年BMI影响因子探究

Research on BMI influencing factors of urban male adolescents in China based on geographical detector

运用变异系数与地理探测器方法分析中国城市男性青少年体质指数(BMI值)在2005年、2010年、2014年变化的空间分异,探究其核心影响因子。结果显示:①中国城市男性青少年BMI值在东中西部存在显著性差异,变异系数分别为5.14%、1.68%、2.82%;区域内部也差异明显,东部差异性最强、中部最小。②2005年中国城市男性青少年BMI值从东北向西南呈现由高到低的阶状分布特征,经9年的演变,2014年呈现出北高南低的三级阶梯分布特征。③中国城市男性青少年BMI增长率由2005-2010年的1.36%到2010-2014年的2.44%,说明中国城市男性青少年肥胖率呈加速上升趋势。④在空间尺度上,各区域探测的主导因素存在差异性。⑤在时间尺度上,从2005年到2010年,再到2014年,影响中国城市男性青少年BMI的主导因子由地理环境要素转为社会经济要素。

China has a vast land area and complex terrains. There are regional differences in geographical and climatic factors, which has impacts on human health. BMI(Body Mass Index) is an important indicator to measure the health status of the human body, and young crowd has received more attention. The study used the coefficient of variation and the geodetector method to analyze the spatial differentiation of the changes in BMI of urban youth in China in 2005, 2010 and 2014, and to study their core impact factors. The results of the inquiry show that:(1) There was a significant difference in the BMI values of urban male adolescents between the ages of 15 and 18 in the eastern, central and western regions. The intra-regional differences in the eastern, central and western regions were 5.14%, 1.68% and 2.82%,respectively, indicating that the eastern region had the greatest difference and the central region had the smallest.(2) In 2005, the BMI value of urban male adolescents in China showed a highto-low step distribution from northeast to southwest. After nine years of evolution, in 2014, the three-level ladder distribution of north to south from high to low was presented.(3) According to the statistical results, the growth rate of BMI increased significantly in China from 1.36% in 2005-2010 to 2.44% in 2010-2014. Besides, the BMI value of young people in China increased, suggesting that the rate of obesity in adolescents in China showed an accelerated increasing trend.(4) On the spatial scale, the influence of detection factors on the growth rate of BMI of adolescents was significant, and there were differences in the dominant factors of regional exploration.(5) From the perspective of time scale, the growth rate of youth BMI was transformed from the geographical environment factor to the social economic factor from 2005 to 2010 and 2014. It can be seen that the influence of social and economic development on the growth rate of adolescent BMI has played a leading role.