《良友》画报体育报道(1926—1945)对中国人现代文化身份的建构

Influence of Sports Reports on the Construction of Modern Chinese Identity in Pictorial Liangyou (The Young Companion,1926-1945)

在中西文化激烈碰撞的民国时期,中国开启了从传统社会走向现代社会的转型过程,中国人如何建构现代文化身份,适应现代社会成为一个重要议题。而起源于西方社会的现代体育,在传入中国后,成为了建构中国人现代文化身份的重要载体。因此,以1926—1945年间《良友》画报中的体育报道为研究样本,采用文献资料法和文本分析法,对其建构的中国人现代文化身份进行系统研究。研究发现:《良友》画报通过倡导民众对现代体育的参与来建构现代城市市民文化身份;通过报道精英运动员,使其成为新青年的表率,并倡导建立新的男性气质;通过传播"健康美"的审美观,塑造了新女性的文化身份;通过报道精武体育会和国术馆重塑民族文化身份;通过对奥运会和远东运动会的报道初步建立中国人的全球文化身份。这一研究将有助于更好地理解媒介、体育和现代文化三者之间的关系,以及西方体育如何本土化,成为中国现代文化的有机组成部分。

During the period of Republican China When Chinese and Western cultures collided,China began the process of transformation from the traditional society into the modern one. It has become an important issue that how Chinese people constructed modern cultural identity and adapted to modern society. However,modern sports,originated from western society,became an important way to construct modern cultural identity of Chinese people.Therefore,this article uses the sports reports in pictorial Liangyou (The Young Companion) from 1926 to 1945 as a research object,adopts literature and text analysis methods to analyze how Liangyou constructed the modern identity through its sports reports. The paper finds that Liangyou established people’s awareness of modern urban citizen identity by encouraging their participation in sports,fashioning the elite athletes as models for new youth,portraying male athletes as symbols of modern masculinity,advocating new women to be healthy beauty through physical exercise and sports,reviving martial arts by reporting Chin Woo Athletic Association and Martial Arts Museum,and establishing China’s position in the modern world through her participation in the Olympic Games and the Far East Games. This research would help to understand the relationship between media,sports and modern culture,and how localization of western sports becomes an integral part of Chinese modern culture.