认真对待人格权法律行为

Take the Juridical Act on Personality Right Seriously

人格权立法应认真对待人格权法律行为。人格权法律行为是民事主体通过意思表示设立、变更、终止人格权法律关系的行为。人格权法律行为满足了"行为主线"的要求,具有多样化的类型,有助于积极实践人身自由、为其设定界域,进而化解主客体错位、边界模糊等技术难题;也会妥当理顺民法各编的关系,克服现有立法草案总则部分不够完整、动态属性匮乏等模式难题。为彰显人格价值的优越性,人格权法律行为应倾向于保护行为人而不是相对人,其财产属性越强越可以适用民法总则。纯粹人格权法律行为原则上应采取书面形式,不适用行为能力制度,也应禁止代理。对其意思表示之解释适用意思主义规则,意思表示瑕疵会直接导致行为无效,违反公序良俗也是行为无效的重要原因。纯粹人格权法律行为可被任意撤销,行为无效时原则上不能恢复原状。

People should take the juridical act on personality right seriously,which is an act through which a civil person,by expressing its intent,creates,modifies,or terminates a civil relationship. The theory is helpful to overcome following problems: the first is on legislative techniques such as blend of subject and object,difficulty in expressing personality equality and dignity directly. The second is on legislative mode such as the general principle of personality rights in draft is difficult to meet with the requirement of general law,and it is difficult to deal with the relationship between personality rights and other editions. Personality legal act has various types. Its overall tendency is to protect the actor rather than the relative person,so as to highlight the superiority of personality value. The stronger the property nature of the legal act of personality right is,the more applicable the general principles of civil law are. Pure juridical act on personality right should be in writing form,not obey the rule of civil capacity and agent. The aim of interpretation is true intent of such kind of act. The default of intent expressing will lead to the void of the act. the most important reason for nullity is public policy. The act can be freely cancelled,and the null act can not be recovered.