护理干预预防重症颅脑损伤患者肺部感染的效果研究

Effect of nursing intervention on prevention of pulmonary infection in patients with severe craniocerebral injury

目的探究重症颅脑损伤患者行护理干预对其肺部感染的预防效果。方法择取2018年1~9月我院收治的287例重症颅脑损伤患者为研究对象,以随机数字表法为依据进行分组,包括对照组143例及观察组144例。两组患者分别开展常规护理以及护理干预措施,应用统计学软件比较两组患者肺部感染发生率、痰菌培养阳性率、并发症发生率、对护理服务满意度、肺部感染控制时间以及两组患者住院时间及花费。结果对照组与观察组患者肺部感染发生率分别为10.49%和2.78%,痰菌培养阳性率分别为18.18%和6.94%,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);观察组患者肺部感染控制时间、住院时间及住院花费显著少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);对照组与观察组患者或家属对护理服务满意度分别为82.52%和94.44%,并发症发生率分别为11.19%和3.47%,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论为重症颅脑损伤患者开展护理干预可有效规避肺部感染发生率,进而缩短患者住院时间,减少其住院花费,缓解其不良心理,对患者病情及预后改善具有积极影响,因此该种护理模式可用于临床推广。

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of nursing intervention on prevention of pulmonary infection in patients with severe craniocerebral injury. Methods A total of 287 patients with severe craniocerebral injury admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to September 2018 were enrolled in the study. All patients were divided into groups based on a completely randomized method, including 143 patients in the control group and 144 patients in the observation group. Routine nursing and nursing interventions were performed in the two groups. The incidence of pulmonary infection, positive rate of sputum culture, incidence of complications, satisfaction with nursing service, control time of pulmonary infection and hospitalization time and expenditure were compared between the two groups with statistical software. Results The incidence of pulmonary infection in the control group and the observation group were 10.49% and 2.78%, respectively, and the positive rates of sputum culture were 18.18% and 6.94%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant(P< 0.05). The control time of pulmonary infection and hospitalization time and expenditure of the observation group were significantly less than those of the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). The satisfaction of the nursing service of patients or family members in the control group and the observation group were 82.52% and 94.44%, respectively, the incidence of complications were 11.19% and 3.47%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Conclusion Nursing intervention for patients with severe craniocerebral injury can effectively avoid the incidence of pulmonary infection, shorten hospitalization time, reduce hospitalization expenses, alleviate their unhealthy psychology, and have a positive impact on the improvement of patients’ condition and prognosis. Therefore, this nursing model can be used for clinical promotion.