水肥一体微喷带沿程压力及肥液浓度分布规律试验研究

An Experimental Study on Pressure and Fertilizer Solution Concentration Distribution of Water and Fertilizer Integrated Micro Spray Belt

为分析水肥一体化微喷带运行过程中沿程肥液浓度分布规律及影响因素,研究了肥料种类、施肥罐压差对微喷带沿程压力和肥液浓度分布的影响。结果表明,在微喷带铺设长度为40 m时,沿程压力逐渐降低,但降幅逐渐减缓;管首压力越大管道首尾压差越大,微喷带施肥均匀性越低。综合微喷带有效喷洒范围,大田微喷带存在适宜首部工作压力(本研究中的微喷带为50~60 kPa)。N肥(易溶肥料)沿程浓度受施肥罐作用压差影响明显,P肥(难溶肥料)沿程浓度变化趋势平缓,浓度随时间变化急剧。在实际生产实践中,应根据不同的肥料确定合适的工作压力及施肥罐作用压差,选择合适的喷洒时间以保证微喷带施肥均匀性及施肥量。

In order to analyze the distribution law and influencing factors of fertilizer concentration in the process of water and fertilizer integrated micro-spray belt operation, the effects of fertilizer type and pressure difference of fertilization tank on the pressure along the micro-spray zone and the concentration distribution of fertilizer solution were studied. The results show that when the length of the micro-spray belt is 40 meters, the pressure along the path gradually decreases, but the decrease is slower and slower at further distance;the greater pressure at the head of the pipe, the greater pressure difference between the first and the tail of the pipe, and the lower uniformity of the micro-spray zone. In the combination with the effective spray range of the micro-spray belt, the field of micro-spray belt has a suitable first working pressure(the pressure of micro-spray belt in this study is 50~60 kPa). The concentration of N fertilizer(easy soluble fertilizer) is obviously affected by the pressure difference of the fertilization tank. The trend of the concentration of P fertilizer(insoluble fertilizer) is gentle, and the concentration changes sharply with time. In actual practice, the appropriate working pressure and the pressure difference between the fertilizer tanks shall be determined according to different fertilizers, and the appropriate spraying time should be selected to ensure the uniformity of fertilization and the amount of fertilizer applied.