徐志摩诗歌的“水”意象隐喻内涵及成因

The Interpretation on the Water-Image Metaphor in Xu Zhimo’s Poetry

水在中西文学中都是内涵丰富的传统隐喻意象。作为徐志摩诗歌中核心意象之一,“水”被徐志摩赋予了新的隐喻内涵,映射出水在不同状态下的物理特征差异以及人类社会在与自然的交互中形成的集体无意识,反映了诗人独特的情感体验与审美取向。徐志摩诗歌中“水”意象隐喻内涵的成因有三:一是吴越文化水域景观、人文要素与哲思风尚的性灵陶冶;二是诗人对传统诗词隐喻模式的继承与重构;三是诗人对西方文艺思潮、《圣经》以及卡翁与奥菲利娅情结的吸纳改造。运用现代隐喻思维对传统意象隐喻内涵进行改造,是徐志摩作为中国新古典诗派重镇对中国新诗艺术形式进行有益探索的重要途径和成果之一。

Water is a traditional metaphorical image with rich connotation in Chinese and Western literatures.As one of the core images in Xu Zhimo's poems,"water"has been given a new metaphorical connotation.The differences in physical characteristics of water in different states and the collective unconscious formed by human society in the interaction with nature have reflected the poet's unique emotional experience and aesthetic orientation.There are three causes of the metaphorical connotation of water-image in Xu's poems.The first is Wu Yue's cultural waters landscape,humanistic elements and philosophical fashion;the second is the poet's inheritance and reconstruction of the metaphorical model of traditional poetry;and the third is the poet's absorption and transformation of western literary thoughts,the Bible,and Karon and Ophelia complexes.It is one of the important ways and achievements that Xu Zhimo,as the center of Chinese neo-classical poetry school,makes a beneficial exploration on the art form of Chinese new poetry by using modern metaphorical thinking to reform the connotation of traditional imagery metaphor.