高龄吞咽障碍患者基于动态误吸风险评估的康复训练

Rehabilitation training based on dynamic aspiration risk assessment in advanced age patients with dysphagia

目的探讨基于动态误吸风险评估的康复训练对高龄患者吞咽功能的影响。方法将120例高龄吞咽障碍患者按住院时间分为观察组和对照组各60例。对照组行常规预防误吸护理干预和吞咽功能康复训练;观察组在此基础上,根据误吸风险等级行吞咽康复训练,每2周重复进行误吸风险评定,根据评定结果调整康复训练措施。比较干预前及干预8周后两组吞咽功能评分和误吸发生情况。结果干预后观察组吞咽功能评分、误吸发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论依据动态误吸风险评定结果对高龄吞咽障碍患者行分级康复训练,可促进患者吞咽功能的康复,减少误吸发生,从而促进患者康复。

Objective To explore the effect of rehabilitation training based on dynamic aspiration risk assessment on swallowing function in advanced age patients. Methods Totally 120 advanced age patients with dysphagia were divided into an experimental group and a control group chronologically,with 60 cases in each group.The control group received routine aspiration prevention nursing intervention and swallowing function rehabilitation training;while the experimental group additionally received swallowing rehabilitation training according to their grade of aspiration risk,which were assessed repeatly every 2 weeks,then the rehabilitation trai- ning measures were adjusted according to the assessment result.The score of swallowing function and the incidence of aspiration between the two groups before and 8 weeks after the intervention were compared. Results After the intervention,the score of swallowing function and the incidence rate of aspiration in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P <0.05,P <0.01). Conclusion The graded rehabilitation training according to the result of dynamic aspiration risk assessment for advanced age patients with dysphagia,can promote their swallowing function recovery,and reduce the occurrence of aspiration,then improve patients′ recovery.