《残疾人权利公约》第12条:透过历史文本的解读

Article 12 of UNCRPD: Understanding from the Historical Text Perspectives

联合国《残疾人权利公约》是国际社会公认的残障人权保证书。本文讨论的第12条“在法律面前获得平等承认”是《公约》研究中争议颇多的一个条款。目前,中西学界对第12条到底从何而来、其磋商历史具体是怎样的过程研究不多。本文以《公约》磋商档案为基础研究素材,结合其他资料,透过历史文本的比较研究,对第12条的磋商历史进行深度探究。研究发现,第12条建构历史中的某些独特因素,使其在解读和实施上具有脆弱性。一个无足够理论基础、无法适用于所有残障者、无足够科研证据支持的条款如何得以建构形成,是本文提出并试图回答的问题。

UNCRPD is a global recognized Human Rights instrument of the 21 st century which comes into enforcement from 2008.Discussions and arguments regarding to CRPD have emerged in the past decade which enrich the academic and policy worlds.This study focuses on the Article 12 of the Convention which is still a controversy topic from the negotiation until now.Interestingly,neither Western or Chinese scholars study in detail about how the article 12 comes out which is exactly the question this inquiry asks for.It uses the open negotiation achieve of the UN as the basic materials,combing the other useful sources,exploring the developmental trajectory of the article 12 from the historical,textual and comparative perspectives.The paper concludes:for some unknown reason,the article 12 had a unique vulnerability which might be not guaranteed the rights protection promised.How an article which isn t having sounded theoretical foundations,unemployable to all disabled populations,and without plenty evidence to justify the advocacy it made had been constructed is the questions the paper try to answer from his historical exploration.