马斯洛需求层次理论在精神分裂症患者康复护理中的应用效果

Application effect of Maslow′s hierarchy of needs theory in the rehabilitation nursing of patients with schizophrenia

目的探讨分析马斯洛需求层次理论在精神分裂症患者康复护理中的临床应用效果。方法选取2016年3月~2018年3月我院精神科收治的108例精神分裂症患者作为研究对象,按照其就诊顺序随机分为参照组(n=54)和试验组(n=54)。参照组患者进行常规的康复护理方法,试验组患者则在常规康复护理的基础上根据马斯洛需求层次理论进行护理,比较分析两组患者的康复疗效评分情况,并调查两组患者干预前后的社会功能缺陷、精神症状改善情况。结果干预前,两组患者的康复疗效评定量表(IPROS)各项评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,两组的IPROS评分均低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组患者干预后的IPROS评分低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组患者的社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS)和简明精神评定量表(BPRS)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,两组的SDSS和BPRS评分均明显均低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组患者干预后的SDSS和BPRS评分均明显低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用马斯洛需求层次理论对精神分裂症患者进行护理干预,能够明显改善患者的社交功能和精神疾病症状,提高患者的康复疗效,有助于患者康复,值得在临床中进一步应用。

Objective To explore and analyze the clinical application effect of Maslow′s hierarchy of needs theory in the rehabilitation nursing of patients with schizophrenia. Methods A total of 108 patients with schizophrenia admitted to the department of psychiatry of our hospital from March 2016 to March 2018 were selected as the research objects. They were randomly divided into the reference group and the experimental group by their visiting order, with 54 patients in each group. Patients in the reference group were received with conventional rehabilitation nursing methods, the patients in the experimental group were given nursing care according to Maslow′s hierarchy of needs theory on the basis of routine rehabilitation nursing. The scores of rehabilitation efficacy of patients in the two groups were compared and analyzed, and the improvement of social function and mental symptoms of patients in the two groups before and after the intervention were investigated. Results Before intervention, there was no significant difference in rehabilitation efficacy rating scale (IPROS) scores between the two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, the IPROS scores of the two groups were significantly lower than that before intervention, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The IPROS scores of the experimental group after intervention was lower than that of the reference group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Before intervention, there was no significant difference in social dysfunction screening scale (SDSS) and brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) scores between the two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, the scores of SDSS and BPRS in the two groups were significantly lower than those before intervention, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The scores of SDSS and BPRS in the experimental group after intervention were significantly lower than those in the reference group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of Maslow′s hierarchy of needs for nursing intervention in patients with schizophrenia can significantly improve the patient′s social function and mental illness symptoms, improve the patient′s rehabilitation effect, and contribute to the recovery of patients, which is worth further application in clinic.