计算思维培养中教育者的角色分析——基于2018年ISTE《教育者计算思维能力标准》的解读与启示

Analysis of Educators’ Roles in the Cultivation of Computational Thinking——Based on the Interpretation and Enlightenment of ISTE Computational Thinking Competencies Standards for Educators in 2018

当前,计算思维的培养正变得越来越重要.基于此,文章首先阐述了计算思维的内涵和特点,指出计算思维能力是数字公民的一种基础能力.随后,文章回顾了美国国际教育技术协会(International Society for Technology in Education,ISTE)教育者标准的发展史,并通过不同版本标准的对比,分析了教育者的角色变化.最后,文章重点解读了2018年ISTE发布的《教育者计算思维能力标准》中教育者所承担的"学习者"、"领导者"、"协作者"、"设计者"和"促进者"等角色,并探讨了此标准对我国的启示.文章对计算思维培养中教育者的角色分析,以及由此提出的计算思维培养路径,可为我国计算思维教育提供参考.

Nowadays, the cultivation of computational thinking is becoming more and more important. Based on this, this paper firstly expounded the connotation and characteristics of computational thinking, and pointed out that computational thinking ability was a basic ability of digital citizens. Then, this paper reviewed the development history of International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) standards for educators, and analyzed role changes of educators through comparing different versions of standards. At last, this paper focused on the roles of “learners”,“leaders”,“collaborators”,“designers” and “promoters” undertaken by educators in the Computational Thinking Competencies Standards for Educators issued by ISTE in 2018, and discussed its enlightenment to China. This paper analyzed the role of educators in the cultivation of computational thinking and further put forward the training path of computational thinking, which could provide reference for computational thinking education in China.