应用主观疲劳量表量化运动负荷的研究进展

Using RPE to Monitor and Quantify Training Load: A Brief Literature Review

主观疲劳量表(Rating of Perceived Exertion,RPE)是一种在国内外被广泛采用的运动负荷量化评估手段。基于对国内外体育科学研究相关领域的数据库的文献综述,对采用单次运动RPE(session Rating of Perceived Exertion,sRPE)方法的研究和文献进行综述,发现:(1)已经有很多国内外的研究证实sRPE量化评估运动负荷方法的有效性和可靠性,可适用于多种项目、男性和女性、多个年龄段和水平层次的运动员的不同内容或类型的运动或训练,sRPE与客观指标之间具有较高的相关性;(2)sRPE量化评估运动负荷方法具有生态效用,可以适用于一个更长远的训练周期(比如一年甚至多年),还可用于计算训练单调性,分析运动损伤的发生风险,有助于优化训练分期,优化训练节奏,保持训练一致性,避免过度负荷甚至过度训练和运动损伤;(3)sRPE量化评估运动负荷的结果与教练员之间的关系的研究较少,尤其有关教练员主观判断的训练课前sRPE与运动员训练课后的sRPE之间的关系的研究,同时有研究报告一些社会学等因素可能会对sRPE量化评估运动负荷造成影响;(4)当前国内缺乏针对青少年运动员、不同项目运动员在不同训练类型和训练分期中应用sRPE量化评估的研究,以及中文文本的sRPE量表的有效性与可靠性的研究。

Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) has been widely used for sports training. Based on the main database, the article reviewed researches and literatures on RPE(sRPE), found:(1) Many researches have provided or supported the validity and reliability of sRPE, showing that RPE is useful for quantifying TL of various types and tasks training, for both female and male, from multiple levels on multiple age groups. This method has showed high correlation with many other objective indicators;(2) RPE-based method has showed to be with ecological usefulness, suitable for longer period of training;(3) Only a few researches investigated the relationship between the pre-session perceived intensity from coaches and the sRPE of athletes;(4) Domestically in China, there are lacks of the relevant researches on RPE-based method, especially on the application among youth athletes and the examinations of validity and reliability of PRE of Chinese text.